Kaplan — adjustable-blade hydro turbines up to 350 MW
Kaplan adjustable-blade turbines rated up to 350 MW with a head of up to 90 m and a runner diameter of up to 12 m. Double regulation by the guide vanes and runner blades gives high efficiency over a wide flow range. Used on lowland rivers, in cascades and in hydro plant modernization.
- Output
- up to 350 MW (large plants); small hydro up to 30 MW, standard up to 10 MW
- Head
- up to 90 m (large plants), mostly up to 50 m; small hydro up to 50 m, standard up to 35 m
- Runner diameter
- up to 12 m (10.5 m realized)
- Regulation
- double (guide vanes and blades) or single
Price, availability and lead time on request. We help with analogue selection, customs clearance and delivery.
Description
Kaplan adjustable-blade turbines are intended for low heads and large flows: lowland and foothill rivers, dams with navigation locks, low-head cascades. The manufacturer was the first to appreciate the invention of Viktor Kaplan. In 1913 tests were carried out together with him in its own laboratory, in 1916 a model turbine was built, and in 1922 the first experimental Kaplan turbine. Since then, thousands of turbines of this type have passed model tests and been built at the manufacturer's works, including the largest in the world.
Double regulation, that is, simultaneous adjustment of the guide vanes and the runner blades, gives high efficiency over a wide range of flows and heads. For large hydro plants the output reaches 350 MW, the head 90 m (typically up to 50 m) and the runner diameter 12 m. Turbines of up to 200 MW with runners of up to 10.5 m in diameter have been built. A stepped range of sizes makes it possible to select an economical option for any site, and large custom-built turbines are a specialty of the manufacturer.
For small hydro plants, turbines are offered for heads of up to 50 m and up to 30 MW (standard sizes up to 35 m and 10 MW) with 3–7 blades, horizontal and vertical, with single or double regulation. These are pit, bulb and S-type turbines, designs with full and semi-spiral casing, SAxo and Z-turbines. Oil-free runner hubs and fish-friendly designs are also available.
References include Yacyretá (Argentina) with 154 MW and a 9.5 m runner, Lajeado (Brazil) with 183.5 MW at a head of 34 m, Peixe Angical (3 × 168.8 MW, runner 8.6 m), Estreito (8 × 138.7 MW, runner 9.5 m), Ping Ban (China, 3 × 138 MW), Vamma 12 (Norway, 129.2 MW), Cao Jie (4 × 128 MW), Tornillito (Honduras, 2 × 92.7 MW at a head of 53 m) and Ana Cua (3 × 89.9 MW). Modernization projects include 9 turbines of 68 MW each at the Saratov hydro plant with 10.3 m runners and a 70 MW turbine for the Uglich hydro plant. Applications are new hydro plants and modernization with an output increase.
Technical specifications
| Output | up to 350 MW (large plants); small hydro up to 30 MW, standard up to 10 MW |
|---|---|
| Head | up to 90 m (large plants), mostly up to 50 m; small hydro up to 50 m, standard up to 35 m |
| Runner diameter | up to 12 m (10.5 m realized) |
| Regulation | double (guide vanes and blades) or single |
| Number of blades | 3–7 (small hydro) |
| Types (small hydro) | pit, bulb, S-turbine, full and semi-spiral casing, SAxo, Z-turbine |
| Options | oil-free runner hubs, fish-friendly designs |
Request a price and lead time
Kaplan — adjustable-blade hydro turbines up to 350 MW. We reply within one business day.
Or email sales@usk.ua or call 044 339-50-20.
Questions and answers
What are the output and head of large Kaplan turbines?
Output up to 350 MW, head up to 90 m, typically up to 50 m, runner diameter up to 12 m. Turbines of up to 200 MW with runners of up to 10.5 m have been built.
Which Kaplan turbines are offered for small hydro plants?
Turbines for heads up to 50 m and up to 30 MW, standard sizes up to 35 m and 10 MW, with 3–7 blades. These are pit, bulb, S-type, SAxo and Z-turbines.
How does double regulation differ from single regulation?
With double regulation the guide vanes and the runner blades are adjusted simultaneously, which gives high efficiency over a wide range of flows and heads. Single regulation is also available for small hydro plants.
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